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What Size tank can I use this cotton sponge filter for? This cotton biochemical sponge filter will effectively and efficiently clean up to 10.5 gallon tank. If you own a larger tank you can purchase two or more of these sponge filters and place on different sides of the tank. You can easily hide these filters behind plants and other underwater décor. Why should I use an air pump with this filter and not a water pump? We recommend the air pump method as it is much easier for beginner aquarium keepers to set up. Simply attach some airline tubing and an air pump to the filter cylinder. The air pump is noiseless and won't disturb your fish. It can be used in a "hospital tank", breeding or rearing tank, or as a tank for fish who prefer a slower current flow such as Betta or Discus. Can I use this sponge filter in conjunction with a HOB (Hang on back) filter? Yes. Even if you already have another filter in your tank, you can use the sponge filter at the same time to achieve optimal filtration for your tropical fish tank. Your best results will be achieved by placing the sponge filter on one side and the hang-on power filter, or any other filter, on the opposite side. The air pump with the sponge filter will actually outperform many power filters and it provides superior vertical circulation. Can I place the filter straight into my aquarium? It is recommended to "seed" the sponge first. To seed the sponge at an accelerated rate, take the sponge media and move it around the gravel or substrate. This is where nitrifying bacteria is found in high numbers and will colonize on the pores, creating optimal health for your fish and plant life. Recommendation: Replace the biochemical cotton every 6 months to ensure proper filtration, and colonization of nitrifying bacteria.