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Stock printed by F.C. Philbrick & Co., Boston. Location of mine Butte, Montana. A stock certificate is issued by businesses, usually companies. A stock is part of the permanent finance of a business. Normally, they are never repaid, and the investor can recover his/her money only by selling to another investor. Most stocks, or also called shares, earn dividends, at the discretion of the business, depending on how well it has traded. A stockholder or shareholder is a part-owner of the business that issued the stock certificates.